The Basics of Vehicle to Grid Technology
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Vehicle to grid technology allows an electric vehicle's battery to send stored electricity back into the wider grid, rather than only ever drawing power from it, turning a parked car into a genuine, if temporary, source of electricity supply during periods when the grid could use the extra capacity.
This works because an electric vehicle battery typically holds far more capacity than is needed for daily driving, leaving a meaningful buffer that can be used to support the grid during peak demand periods without noticeably affecting the vehicle's ability to be driven again once that period has passed.
For this to work smoothly, both the vehicle and the charging equipment need to support two way power flow, along with software that manages when and how much electricity moves in each direction, coordinating the whole exchange automatically so the car owner rarely needs to think about it directly on a day to day basis.